예제) Knowing Your Tastes

KNOWING YOUR TASTES 

Food Likes and Dislikes 

How the Tongue Works 

Nontasters, Medium Tasters, Supertasters 

Different Worlds for Different Tasters 

Supertasters, Nontasters, and Diet 

What Kind of Taster Are You? 

Page: 31-32, Skills for Success 3 / Reading and Writing

단어장

The human tongue is made up of a group of muscles and taste buds that work together to recognize taste. 

be made up of :
    ex) Water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen. 

recognize :
    ex) I did not recognize the taste of the cake at first. It took me a minute to realize that it tasted like blackberries.

The taste buds send messages to the brain as chemicals from the food enter the nose. Together, the taste buds and nose tell the brain exactly what the tongue is tasting. This complex system helps humans survive by recognizing which foods are safe and which might be dangerous. 

system :
    ex) The human digestive system includes the mouth and stomach. It helps to change the food we eat into energy. I did not recognize took to realize that it tasted like blackberries. 

Although all humans have taste buds, we do not all have the same number of them. Medium tasters typically have 10,000 taste buds. These "average tasters" make up about 50 percent of the world population. 

typically :
    ex) People who eat healthy foods and exercise typically have fewer health problems than people who don't.

Super-tasters have four to six times as many taste buds as nontasters and twice as many as medium tasters . Research shows that super-tasters are more likely to be women and from Asia, Africa, and South America. 

likely : more likely to [do something]
    ex) People who don't eat well are likely of getting sick. 

Super-tasters think that a lot of foods are too strong. In addition to having more taste buds, supertasters are born with a gene that makes them sensitive to bitter foods. Consequently, they dislike broccoli, cauliflower, grapefruit, and even coffee. With more taste buds, they can more easily feel fatty foods in their mouths. As a result, they stay away from high-fat food items like French fries and sweets. They are also very sensitive to pain on the tongue, so they avoid spicy food. 

sensitive : sensitive TO [something NOUN]
    ex) Abdullah's teeth are very sensitive to cold, so he usually drinks water at room temperature. 

As a rule, humans avoid foods that taste bad and eat foods that give them pleasure. Since super-tasters avoid bitter fruits and vegetables, their diets are sometimes not balanced, which could put them more at risk for certain types of cancers. However, they also dislike fatty and sweet foods, so they tend to be thinner and at lower risk for heart disease and diabetes. 

balanced :
    ex) Most health experts agree that a balanced diet should include different types of foods, such as meat, fruits, vegetables, bread, and cheese. 

at risk : PUT At risk FOR [something {BAD}]
    ex) People who don't eat well are more at risk to get sick than people with healthy diets. 

diabetes : a serious disease in which a person's body cannot control the level of sugar in the body

If you can identify which kind of taster you are, you will be able to make more educated choices about your diet. This simple test can show whether you are a nontaster, medium taster, or supertaster. 

identify : identify [which/when/why/who/whether...] [something]
    ex) The police used a photograph to identify the man who stole

EN-EN Vacabulary

at risk (prep. phr.) in danger of something unpleasant or harmful happening

balanced (adj.) keeping or showing a balance so that different things or different parts of something exist in equal or correct amounts

be made up of (v. phr.)  to consist of or to be composed of various parts, elements, or members. It's used to describe what something is created from or what constitutes it.

identify (v.) to recognize somebody/something and be able to say who or what they are

likely (adj.) having a good chance of happening or being something; probable or expected

recognize (v.) to know who somebody is or what something is when you see or hear them or it, because you have seen or heard them or it before

sensitive (adj.) aware of and able to understand other people and their feelings

system (n.) an organized set of ideas or theories or a particular way of doing something

typically (adv.) used to say that something usually happens in the way that you are stating

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From: 
[1]  Q: Skills for Success 3 / Reading and Writing - Colin S. Ward & Margot F.Gramer (3rd Edition)

[2] Oxford 3000 <https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com>

[3] Naver dictionary <https://dict.naver.com>