The Limitations of Asia's Traditional English Grammar Teaching and the Path Forward

 In the exploration of English language teaching, the traditional methods, particularly the five-part sentence structure model (Subject-Verb-Object-Complement-Adverbial, S-V-O-C-A), have long stood as the cornerstone of grammar instruction. However, emerging critiques question the efficacy and applicability of these time-honored approaches. This blog post delves into the challenges and inefficacies tied to traditional English grammar teaching methods, advocating for a revolutionary shift towards a more nuanced, theory-driven, and practical strategy that aligns with contemporary linguistic understanding and real-world application.

The Limitations of Traditional English Grammar Teaching and the Path Forward


The Crux of the Problem

1. Complex Classification

At the heart of traditional grammar teaching lies a complex and often convoluted classification system. This system, tasked with categorizing words, frequently stumbles, particularly with verbs, where it fails to offer clear and accurate classifications. The result is a web of confusion for learners, who struggle to construct sentences when the foundational elements are so poorly defined. For instance, the challenge of fitting certain verbs into neat boxes overlooks the fluid and dynamic nature of language, rendering the classification system more of a hindrance than a help.

2. Lack of Theoretical Foundation

Another significant flaw is the absence of a solid theoretical underpinning. Traditional methods rely heavily on models that, while easy to grasp, drastically simplify the intricate machinery of sentence construction. This simplification not only strips away the beauty and complexity of language but also leaves learners ill-equipped to understand or appreciate the nuances of English grammar. The reliance on these antiquated models has perpetuated a cycle of inadequate education, where the foundation itself is shaky and unreliable.

3. Inconsistencies in Sentence Construction Models

The five-part sentence structure model exemplifies the oversimplification at play. By constraining sentences to a rigid and overly simplistic framework, this model fails to accommodate the diverse and complex nature of sentence structures found in English. It presents an incomplete picture, neglecting the nuances and variations that are essential for a comprehensive understanding of grammar. This inadequacy points to a broader issue: the need for a framework that embraces, rather than ignores, the richness of the language.

4. Overemphasis on Traditional Grammar

Critics also point out the disproportionate emphasis on traditional grammar rules, which often do not reflect current language usage or linguistic theory. This emphasis on outdated norms does not prepare learners for real-world language use, where flexibility, creativity, and understanding of context are paramount. The rigid adherence to traditional grammar constrains learners, limiting their ability to engage with language in a meaningful, dynamic way.


The Need for a New Approach

Recognizing these flaws calls for a radical rethinking of how English grammar is taught. The current methodology, with its outdated models and restrictive rules, is ill-suited for the complexity and richness of the English language. A new approach is needed—one that acknowledges the intricacies of grammar and adapts to the evolving nature of language.

A. Towards a Nuanced Classification System

The first step in this direction is the development of a more nuanced and accurate classification system. This system should reflect the fluidity of language, accommodating the varying roles words can play in a sentence. By moving away from rigid categorizations, learners can develop a deeper, more intuitive understanding of how words function and interact within sentences.

B. Establishing a Theoretical Foundation

A robust theoretical foundation is crucial for any effective grammar teaching methodology. This foundation should be grounded in contemporary linguistic theory, offering a framework that mirrors the complexity of language construction and use. With a solid theoretical basis, learners can better appreciate the nuances of grammar and develop skills that extend beyond rote memorization of rules.

C. Reflecting Real-world Language Use

Moreover, teaching methods must evolve to reflect actual language use. This means moving beyond traditional grammar rules to embrace the diversity of language in practice. Educators should incorporate examples from various contexts, highlighting the flexibility and adaptability of grammar. This approach not only makes learning more relevant but also empowers students to apply their knowledge in real-life situations.

D. Integrating Contemporary Linguistic Understanding

Finally, integrating contemporary linguistic insights into grammar teaching can bridge the gap between theory and practice. This involves updating curricula to include recent developments in linguistic research, ensuring that teaching methods are informed by the latest understanding of how language works. By doing so, educators can provide learners with a more comprehensive and up-to-date education in English grammar.


Conclusion

The traditional methods of teaching English grammar, exemplified by the five-part sentence structure model, are increasingly recognized as inadequate for navigating the complexities of the language. The call for a new approach is loud and clear—a shift towards a teaching methodology that is nuanced, theoretically sound, and reflective of real-world language use. By addressing the challenges outlined, educators can pave the way for a more effective and enriching learning experience, one that honors the richness and dynamism of the English language. The journey towards this educational paradigm shift is undoubtedly challenging, but the potential rewards for learners and educators alike are immense, promising a deeper, more nuanced understanding and appreciation of English grammar in all its complexity.


From: 5ํ˜•์‹์„ ๋‹น์žฅ ํ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  5๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ : ์˜์–ด INPUT์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” 5ํ˜•์‹์„ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค!, <Youtube>, <https://youtu.be/SKwBVySUrZs?si=xiaW_H7traR5MJaa>, 2023. 9. 17.


ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฒˆ์—ญ:

์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•œ๊ณ„์™€ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ธธ

์˜์–ด ๊ต์œก ํƒ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ํŠนํžˆ 5๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ(์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ-๋ชฉ์ ์–ด-๋ณด์–ด-๋ถ€์‚ฌ, S-V-O-C-A)์€ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ต์œก์˜ ์ดˆ์„์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ฆฌํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋น„ํŒ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ค๋žœ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ์˜๋ฌธ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ์€ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๊ณผ์ œ์™€ ๋น„ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์–ธ์–ด ์ดํ•ด ๋ฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์ ์šฉ์— ๋ถ€ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ก  ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ์ „๋žต์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ํ˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ์˜นํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ

1. ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜

์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ต์œก์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข…์ข… ๋‚œํ•ดํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งก์€ ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ํŠนํžˆ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ •์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์ž์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฌผ์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํŠน์ • ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊น”๋”ํ•œ ์ƒ์ž์— ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์œ ๋™์ ์ด๊ณ  ์—ญ๋™์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

2. ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ

๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์€ ๊ฒฌ๊ณ ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํญ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€๊ณผ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ์‹ ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜์กด์€ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ต์œก์˜ ์•…์ˆœํ™˜์„ ์˜์†์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

3. ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ชจ๋ธ์˜ ๋ถˆ์ผ์น˜

5๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”๋œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ฒฝ์ง๋˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ‹€๋กœ ์ œํ•œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ด ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ํฌ๊ด„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค์™€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•จ์€ ๋” ๋„“์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ, ์ฆ‰ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•จ์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

4. ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ

๋น„ํ‰๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ์–ธ์–ด ์ด๋ก ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ตฌ์‹ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋Š” ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ, ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ, ๋งฅ๋ฝ ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๊ณ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์ž๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์—ญ๋™์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์–ธ์–ด์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ์ œํ•œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์žฌ๊ฒ€ํ† ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋ชจ๋ธ๊ณผ ์ œํ•œ์ ์ธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•จ์—๋Š” ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด ํŠน์„ฑ์— ์ ์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

A. ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํ–ฅํ•˜์—ฌ

์ด ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์œ ๋™์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—„๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ํ•™์Šต์ž๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๊นŠ๊ณ  ์ง๊ด€์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

B. ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ตฌ์ถ•

ํƒ„ํƒ„ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋Š” ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์–ธ์–ด ์ด๋ก ์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์–ธ์–ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํƒ„ํƒ„ํ•œ ์ด๋ก ์  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•™์Šต์ž๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค๋ฅผ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•”๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

C. ์‹ค์ œ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐ˜์˜

๋”์šฑ์ด ๊ต์ˆ˜๋ฒ•์€ ์‹ค์ œ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋„˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์œก์ž๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ ์‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€ ํ•™์Šต์˜ ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง€์‹์„ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

D. ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์–ธ์–ด ์ดํ•ด์˜ ํ†ตํ•ฉ

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์–ธ์–ดํ•™์  ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ต์œก์— ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ก ๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์†Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ปค๋ฆฌํ˜๋Ÿผ์„ ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ธ์–ด ์ž‘๋™ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ตœ์‹  ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋ฒ•์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ต์œก์ž๋Š” ํ•™์Šต์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฌ๊ด„์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ตœ์‹  ๊ต์œก์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๊ฒฐ๋ก 

5๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ธ์‹์ด ์ ์  ๋” ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š”๊ตฌ๋Š” ํฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์ „ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ œ ์–ธ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ช…๋œ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ต์œก์ž๋Š” ์˜์–ด์˜ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•จ๊ณผ ์—ญ๋™์„ฑ์„ ์กด์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ’์š”๋กœ์šด ํ•™์Šต ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธธ์„ ์—ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ต์œก ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์—ฌ์ •์€ ์˜์‹ฌํ•  ์—ฌ์ง€ ์—†์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•™์Šต์ž์™€ ๊ต์œก์ž ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๋ณด์ƒ์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๋ฉฐ, ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ ์†์—์„œ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๊นŠ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด์™€ ๊ฐ์ƒ์„ ์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


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