Vocabulary study (2024-04-05)
EN-EN Vocabulary
☑︎ intimidating / ɪnˈtɪm ɪˌdeɪ tɪŋ / : (adj.) frightening in a way that makes a person feel less confident
1640s, from Medieval Latin intimidatus, past participle of intimidare "to frighten, make afraid," from in- "in" (from PIE root *en "in") + Latin timidus "fearful" (see timid). Related: Intimidated; intimidating. The French verb was intimider (16c.).
- an intimidating manner
- intimidating for/to somebody / This kind of questioning can be very intimidating to children.
- The atmosphere was less intimidating than I had imagined.
- We will not be sucked in to your macho agenda by intimidating threats of violence or seductive promises of power.
- The day-to-day operations of the healthcare environment can be overwhelming and intimidating to the point of paralysis.
☑︎ qualifications / ˌkwɒl ə fɪˈkeɪ ʃən / : (n.) [countable, usually plural] (British English) an exam that you have passed or a course of study that you have successfully completed
1540s, "restriction, limitation, modification," from French qualification and directly from Medieval Latin qualificationem (nominative qualificatio), noun of action from past-participle stem of qualificare (see qualify). Meaning "an accomplishment, etc. that adapts someone to a particular circumstance or employment" is from 1660s; that of "necessary precondition" is from 1723. Related: Qualifications.
- academic/educational/professional/vocational qualifications
- a coaching/teaching/nursing qualification
- He left school with no formal qualifications.
- to have qualifications
- to gain/get/obtain/possess/achieve qualifications
- In this job, experience counts for more than paper qualifications.
- qualification in something / Too many school-leavers lack basic qualifications in English and Maths.
☑︎ shattered / (ˈʃætɪd) / : (adj.) very shocked and upset
mid-14c. (implied in toschatered), "scatter, disperse, throw about," transitive, probably a variant of Middle English scateren (see scatter (v.)), perhaps reflecting confusion of sk- and sh- from Norse influence. Compare Old Dutch schetteren Low German schateren. Formations such as scatter-brained had parallel forms in shatter-brained, etc.
The meaning "break in pieces, as by a single blow" is from mid-15c. Intransitive sense of "fly apart, become scattered, be broken in fragments" is from 1560s. Related: Shattered; shattering. Carlyle (1841) used shatterment "act or state of shattering or being shattered." Shatters"fragments" is from 1630s.
- The experience left her feeling absolutely shattered.
☑︎ proficient / prəˈfɪʃ ənt / : (adj.) able to do something well because of training and practice
I'm a reasonably proficient driver.
"well-versed in any business, art, science, etc.," 1580s, a back-formation from proficiency or else from Old French proficient (15c.), from Latin proficientem (nominative proficiens), present participle of proficere "to make progress, go forward, effect, accomplish, be useful," from pro"forward" (see pro-) + combining form of facere "to make, do" (from PIE root *dhe- "to set, put"). Related: Proficiently.
- With practice, you should become proficient within six months.
- proficient in (doing) something / She's proficient in several languages.
- proficient at (doing) something / He's proficient at his job.
☑︎ pursue / pərˈsu / : (v.) pursue something to do something or try to achieve something over a period of time
late 13c., "follow with hostile intent, follow with a view of overtaking," from Anglo-French pursuer and directly from Old French poursuir (Modern French poursuivre), variant of porsivre"to chase, pursue, follow; continue, carry on," from Vulgar Latin *prosequare, from Latin prosequi "follow, accompany, attend; follow after, escort; follow up, pursue," from pro- "forward" (see pro-) + sequi "follow" (from PIE root *sekw- (1) "to follow").
The meaning "to proceed, to follow" (a path, etc.), usually figurative (in reference to a course of action, etc.), is from late 14c. This sense also was in Latin. The meaning "seek, seek to obtain" also is late 14c. Related: Pursued; pursuing. For sense, compare prosecute.
- to pursue a goal
- to pursue an aim/objective
- How can we most effectively pursue these aims?
- We intend to pursue this policy with determination.
- She wishes to pursue a medical career.
- I was determined to pursue my dream of becoming an actor.
- Many communities are aggressively pursuing plans to preserve open spaces.
- I wasn't sure I wanted to pursue dance as a career.
- He continues to pursue a soft policy on crime.
- They spotted the suspect but decided not to pursue.
- Bad luck pursued him.
☑︎ deviated / verb ˈdi viˌeɪt; adjective, noun ˈdi vi ɪt / : (v.) deviate (from something) to be different from something; to do something in a different way from what is usual or expected
1630s, "turn aside or wander from the (right) way," from Late Latin deviatus, past participle of deviare "to turn aside, turn out of the way," from Latin phrase de via, from de "off" (see de-) + via "way" (see via). Meaning "take a different course, diverge, differ" is from 1690s. Related: Deviated; deviating. The noun meaning "sexual pervert" is attested from 1912.
- The bus had to deviate from its usual route because of a road closure.
- He never deviated from his original plan.
☑︎ I realized that it is no use of having that mind
: 그런 마음을 가져도 소용없다는 것을 깨달았습니다.
☑︎ inferiority / ɪnˌfɪər iˈɔr ɪ ti, -ˈɒr- / : (n.) [uncountable] the state of not being as good as somebody/something else
"state of being inferior," 1590s, probably from Medieval Latin *inferioritas; see inferior + -ity. Inferiority complex first attested 1919.
The surrender of life is nothing to sinking down into acknowledgment of inferiority. [John C. Calhoun, Senate debate, Feb. 19, 1847]
- a sense of inferiority
- social inferiority
- Negative perceptions about the inferiority of generic drugs compared to brand name drugs were more pronounced among some segments of the studied population.
- The youth center was founded on the belief that youth violence is a product of various social and economic factors that contribute to feelings of inferiority, powerlessness, and hopelessness.
☑︎ discard / verb dɪˈskɑrd; noun ˈdɪs kɑrd / : (v.) [transitive] (formal) to get rid of something that you no longer want or need
1590s, "throw out or reject a card dealt to a player, in accordance with the rules of the game," literally "to throw a card away," from dis- "away" + card (n.1). Figurative use (in a non-gaming sense) "cast off, dismiss" is attested slightly earlier (1580s). In the card-playing sense, decard is attested by 1550s. Related: Discarded; discarding. As a noun, "act of discarding or rejecting," from 1742.
- discard somebody/something / The room was littered with discarded newspapers.
- He had discarded his jacket because of the heat.
- (figurative) / She could now discard all thought of promotion.
- discard somebody/something as something / 10 per cent of the data was discarded as unreliable.
- to discard an old hat.
☑︎ my efforts I used to reach that stage didn’t be worthless.
: 그 단계에 도달하기 위해 쏟은 제 노력이 헛되지 않았어요.
☑︎ genuine / ˈdʒɛn yu ɪn / : (adj.) real; exactly what it appears to be; not artificial
1590s, "natural, not acquired," from Latin genuinus "native, natural, innate," from root of gignere "to beget, produce" (from PIE root *gene- "give birth, beget"), perhaps influenced in form by contrasting adulterinus "spurious." [An alternative etymology is from Latin genu "knee," from a supposed ancient custom of a father acknowledging paternity of a newborn by placing it on his knee.] The meaning "really proceeding from its reputed source" is from 1660s; compare authentic. Related: Genuinely; genuineness.
- Is the painting a genuine Picasso?
- Fake designer watches are sold at a fraction of the price of the genuine article.
- She is a genuine contender for the title.
- The document is not considered genuine.
- a genuine case of smallpox.
- a genuine antique.
From: EN Assignment "How big is your pond (competition, career field, community)? Do you like the size of your pond? Write about your pond."
[Related Resources] :
[2] Oxford 3000 <https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com>
[3] Dictionary.com, <https://www.dictionary.com/>
[4] Naver dictionary <https://dict.naver.com>
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